Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration Syndrome (SARDS) – Dogs are the main victims of the uncommon but harmful eye disease referred to as Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration Syndrome (SARDS). As the name suggests, it is represented by the abrupt onset of blindness brought on by the retina’s photoreceptor cells degenerating. The sudden loss of eyesight can be upsetting for both the pet and the owner, although the disease is not painful.
This blog aims to present a thorough analysis of SARDS, including its signs, etiology, diagnosis, available treatments, and results. To help pet parents navigate this difficult diagnosis, we will also answer some commonly asked questions.
SARDS: What is it?
Dogs with Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration Syndrome (SARDS), a non-inflammatory retinal condition, become fully and permanently blind. Middle-aged to older dogs are most often affected, and some dog breeds like Dachshunds, Miniature Schnauzers, and Pugs seem especially susceptible.
SARDS occurs abruptly, often in a matter of days or even hours, in different to progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), which results in progressive sight loss. Different from other retinal disorders, it progresses rapidly.
Reasons and Dangers
The fact that the precise reason for SARDS is yet unknown makes treatment more complicated. However, many hypotheses and risk factors have been put forth –
The Autoimmune Part – According to some research, the immune system could accidentally target the retinal cells, leading to abrupt cell death.
Disorders of the Endocrine System – Researchers have looked into hormonal connections because a huge portion of dogs with SARDS also have current illnesses like Cushing’s disease (hyperadrenocorticism).
Stress from Oxidation – Oxidative stress and free radical damage have also been known as possible causes.
Age and Breed – The prevalence of diagnoses is higher in middle-aged dogs (mainly 6–14 years old) and particular breeds, showing a genetic susceptibility.
SARDS symptoms
Sudden total blindness is the main sign of SARDS. But before or during vision loss, many dogs show additional behavioral and physiological changes –
- Getting lost or running into things
- Hesitation to descend stairs or enter dimly lit areas
- Polydipsia and polyuria, or increased thirst and urination
- Heightened hunger (polyphagia)
- Gaining weight
- Changes in behavior or lethargy
It is interesting to note that a lot of these symptoms are also present in Cushing’s disease, which lends more credence to the idea that the two illnesses are related.
Making a diagnosis
It might be hard to diagnose SARDS, specifically in its early stages. Advanced diagnostics, ocular examination, and clinical symptoms are mainly required.
ERG, or electroretinography – The most trusted SARDS diagnostic tool is this one. It gauges the retina’s electrical activity. A loss of photoreceptor function is done when the retina of dogs with SARDS shows no electrical response.
Ocular Examination – It is interesting to note that visual examination alone is insufficient in the early stages of SARDS because the retina may look normal.
Urinalysis and Blood Work – These tests help in the exclusion of other illnesses and the detection of illnessess like Cushing’s that may coexist or resemble the symptoms of SARDS.
Hormonal Checkups – Endocrine disorders can be found with the use of tests like the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test.
Treatment and Management
As of right present, SARDS has no known treatment. Treatments meant to restore vision have not always been successful, and the retinal damage is irreversible. Even though many alternative treatments and supplements have been investigated, every dog’s experience is different.
Support with Care
The main treatment is to aid your dog in adapting to being blind. With the right support, dogs’ extraordinary resilience can help them adjust to vision loss:
- Don’t rearrange the furniture.
- Use textures and fragrances to help with navigation.
- Maintain safe and clear routes.
- During walks and other activities, utilize verbal cues.
Health Care Administration
Cushing’s disease and other current conditions should be treated independently if they exist. However, treating the hormonal condition mainly does not make up for the eyesight loss caused by SARDS.
Treatments in Experiments
Although some vets have experimented with immunosuppressive medicines, antioxidants, and stem cell therapy, none of these treatments has been definitively successful in treating the illness.
The outlook
Although SARDS causes permanent visual loss, the overall prognosis for quality of life is very good. Apart from being blind, the majority of dogs lead happy, meaningful lives with the right training, environment adaptation, and patience. In a few weeks, several pet owners report that their animals have adapted to using their other senses, including hearing and scent.
Preventive Actions
Since there is no known cause of SARDS, there are no particular preventive measures. However, a healthy dog, a maintained diet, and routine veterinary checkups may help in the early identification of current systemic issues.
Conclusion
Although Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration Syndrome (SARDS) is a difficult and enigmatic disorder, it is not deadly. With the right care, dogs with SARDS can lead happy, fulfilling lives, although their vision loss is permanent. The best course of action is to learn about the situation, provide your pet with both physical and mental support, and consult a veterinarian.
If you see any signs that your dog may have SARDS, consult your veterinarian promptly for accurate diagnosis and supportive care options.
FAQs
Is it possible to reverse SARDS?
Sadly, no. The persistent death of photoreceptor cells in the retina is the source of the sight loss brought on by SARDS. There is no scientifically validated way to reverse blindness, apart from the fact that some experimental treatments have been tried.
How rapidly does blindness result from SARDS?
SARDS mainly results in abrupt and total blindness in a matter of days, while some dogs may experience symptoms for up to a week. One of the characteristics that sets this illness different is its fast onset.
Do dogs experience pain from SARDS?
SARDS doesn’t cause any pain. Even though sudden blindness might cause mental discomfort, there is no physical pain connected with the illness. Once they become used to their new environment, the majority of dogs adjust well.
Is it possible for SARDS blind dogs to lead fulfilling lives?
Of course! Dogs can adapt to anything. They can still enjoy life, play, eat, and even take walks, given their environment is slightly modified and they get lots of love and support. The speed at which pets adjust surprises several owners.
